TRICHY Textile V SEM SYLLABUS

ANNA UNIVERSITY TIRUCHIRAPPALLI Tiruchirappalli - 620 024
Regulations 2007 Curriculum
B.Tech. Textile Technology
SEMESTER V
S.No. Subject Code Subject L T P Max. Marks
Theory
1 Special Functions 3 1 0 100
2 Engineering Thermodynamics 4 0 0 100
3 Preparatory Process of Chemical Processing 4 0 0 100
4 Physical Structure and Properties of Fibres 4 0 0 100
5 Preparatory Process of Weaving Operations 4 0 0 100
6 Process and Quality Control in Spinning 4 0 0 100
Practical
7 Preparatory Process of Chemical Processing Laboratory 0 0 3 100
8 Process and Quality Control in Spinning Laboratory 0 0 3 100
9 Communication and Soft Skills Laboratory 0 0 3 100
ANNA UNIVERSITY TIRUCHIRAPPALLI
Tiruchirappalli - 620 024
Regulations 2007
Syllabus
B.Tech. Textile Technology
SEMESTER V
SPECIAL FUNCTIONS
LT P
3 10
UNIT I IMPROPER INTEGRALS AND SERIES SOLUTIONS 9
Improper integrals-Gamma and Beta functions, Series solutions-Ordinary point, regular singular point of second order linear ordinary differential equation, series solution to a second order linear ordinary differential equation about an ordinary point and a regular singular point.
UNIT II BESSEL FUNCTIONS 9
Bessel's equation, Bessel functions, Recurrence relations, Orthogonality property, Generating function, Equations reducible to Bessel's equation, Modified Bessel functions.
UNIT III LEGENDRE POLYNOMIALS 9
Legendre's equation, Legendre Polynomials, Rodrigue's formula generating function, recurrence relations, orthogonality property,
UNIT IV HERMITE AND LAGUERRE POLYNOMIALS 9
Hermite and Leguerre equations and their solutions-Polynomials, Rodrigue's formula, generating functions, recurrence relations, orthogonality property.
UNIT V BOUNDARY VALUE PROBLEMS. 9
Solution of Boundary Value Problems involving Bessel functions & Legendre polynomials
L: 45 T: 15 Total: 60
TEXT BOOKS
1. Andrews.L.A., "Special Function for Scientist and Engineers", McGraw-Hill, 1992.
2. Narayanan, S. Manicavachagam Pillay and Ramanaiah.G, "Advanced Mathematics for Engineering Students", Vol. II S.Viswanathan Printers Private Limited, Madras, 1985.
REFERENCES
1. Grewal, B.S., "Higher Engineering Mathematics", Khanna Publishers, Delhi, 2005.
2. Jain R.K & Iyengar, S.R.K. Advanced Engineering Mathematics, Narosa Publishing House, New
Delhi, 2002.
ENGINEERING THERMODYNAMICS
LT P
4 0 0
UNIT I FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPTS AND FIRST LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS 12
Scope of thermodynamics - Basic concepts - Thermodynamic System - State and equilibrium - Process and cycles - Temperature and Zeroth law of Thermodynamics - Properties of pure substances - First law of Thermodynamics - First Law Analysis of Closed systems and control volumes and its application.
UNIT II ENTROPY AND THE SECOND LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS 12
The Clausius inequality - Entropy - Causes of entropy change - Entropy change of pure substances -Thermal Energy reservoirs - Heat Engines - Perpetual Motion Machines - Reversible and irreversible processes - The Carnot cycle and principles - The Carnot Heat engine - The Second law Efficiency -Second law analysis of open and closed systems.
UNIT III REFRIGERATION, VAPOR & COMBINED POWER CYCLES 12
Refrigerators and Heat pumps - The Carnot refrigerator and heat pumps - The reversed Carnot cycle -Ideal and Actual vapor compression Refrigeration cycle - Selection of right refrigerants - Heat pumps -Absorption refrigerator system - The Carnot vapor cycle - Rankine cycle - Cogeneration - Second law analysis of vapor power cycles.
UNIT IV PVT RELATIONS AND THERMODYNAMIC RELATIONS 12
PVT relations for gases and liquids - equations of state, Cubic equations of state-Thermodynamic properties from equations of state, Compressibility factor, Generalised properties of fluids-Law of corresponding state, acentric factor, gas mixtures.
Thermodynamic relations - Maxwell's relations - Estimation of thermodynamic properties-Thermodynamic properties of homogeneous mixtures - Partial molar properties, Fugacity and fugacity coefficients - Lewis and Randall rule - Property changes of mixing, activity - Excess properties, activity coefficients.
UNIT V PHASE EQUILIBRIA AND CHEMICAL REACTION EQUILIBRIA 12
Phase equilibria - Pure component and mixtures - Van Laar, Margules equation, Group contribution method - Gibb's Duhem equation - Consistency tests - Partially miscible and immiscible systems -Azeotropes - Retrograde condensation - Thermodynamic diagrams.
Chemical equilibria - Heat effects, industrial reactions - Free energy calculations - Homogeneous and heterogeneous reactions - Equilibrium composition.
Total: 60
TEXT BOOKS
1. J.M.Smith and Van Ness, "Introduction to Engineering Thermodynamics", Ed.5, McGraw Hill, New York, 1996.
2. K.V.Narayanan, "A Text Book of Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics", Prentice Hall of India,
New Delhi, 2002.
3. Y.V.C Rao, "Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics", Universities Press, 1997.
REFERENCE
1. Hougen and Watson , "Chemical Process Principles" Vol. II, CBS Publishers, New Delhi.2002.
2. Kyle, "Chemical and Process Thermodynamics", Ed. 2. Prentice Hall of India, NewDelhi.2000.
PREPARATORY PROCESS OF CHEMICAL PROCESSING
LT P 4 0 0
UNIT I SINGEING & DESIZING 12
Wet process sequences for cotton, wool, silk, blended fabrics: Singeing -Yarn singeing machines. Gas singeing machine for woven and tubular knits - Classification of desizing methods-Hydrolytic methods and oxidative methods - Enzymatic desizing - Scouring - Kier boiling - Saponification, Emulsification. Detergency-Lime boil Vs soda boil -Types of Kier-Wool carbonizing- Degumming of silk.
UNIT II BLEACHING & MERCERISATION 12
Bleaching of cotton: Hypochlorite-Hydrogen Peroxide-Sodium chlorite. Batchwise, Semi-continuous
and Continuous processes. continuous scouring and bleaching machines, washing ranges, hydro
extractors. Bleaching of viscose/linen, cotton/viscose, and polyester/cotton blends.
Mercerisation: Theory of Processes - Methods-Chemicals-Effects. Yarn mercerizer, Chain and
Chainless Mercerisers, Circular mercerizing machine. Liquid ammonia treatment-Equipments-Kier-J
box-Pad roll, Mangles, Jigger, Winch, Jet and Softflow machines, Dryers, Stenter and Stretching
devices.
UNIT III DYEING 12
Dyeing: Introduction to dyeing of natural and synthetic fibres, fabrics and blends with various dye classes. Recent developments in dyeing of natural fibres, synthetic fibres and their blends. Problems in dyeing and their solutions. Eco-friendly chemicals and banned dyes.
UNIT IV PROCESSING MACHINES 12
Mechanical and economic aspects of fibre, yarn, and fabric Scouring, bleaching and dyeing machines for woven and knits. Loose stock, bale, hank, package, Jigger, Winch, HT beam, Jet, Padding mangles and garment dyeing machines.
UNIT V TESTING 12
Colour Measurement: Application of Computer Colour Matching system to evaluate strength of dye, shade matching, whiteness / yellowness index. Fastness properties of dyed products.
L: 60 Total: 60
TEXT BOOKS
1. Trotman, E.R., "Dyeing and Chemical Technology of Textile Fibres", Charles Griffin and Co. Ltd., London. 1990.
2. Shenai, V.A. "Technology of Bleaching and Mercerizing - Vol. III", Sevak Publications Chennai,
1991.
REFERENCES
1. Shenai, V.A., "Fundamentals of Principles of Textile Wet Processing",
2. Marsh J.T., "Mercerizing", Chapman and Hall Ltd., London, 1041.
3. Bhagwat R.S "Handbook of Textile Processing", Colour Publication, Mumbai, 1999
4. Shenai, V.A., "Principle and Practice of Dyeing", Sevak Publisher, Bombay.
5. T.L.Vigo, "Textile Processing and Properties", Elsevier, New York, 1994.
PHYSICAL STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OF FIBRES
LT P
4 0 0
UNIT I STRUCTURE OF FIBRES 12
Basic requirements for fibre formation. Structure of natural and man-made textile fibres - chemical structure, fine structure, and morphological structure of cotton, viscose, acetate, polyester, polyamide, polyacrylonitrile, polyethylene, polypropylene and bast fibres. Basic concepts of intra- and inter-molecular forces, degree of order, degree of orientation of molecular chains.Models of fibre structure -fringed micelle model, modified-fringed micelle model, fringed fibril model.Investigation of fibre structure - Electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction methods, Infra-red radiation techniques, density measurement.
UNIT II MOISTURE ABSORPTION PROPERTIES OF FIBRES 12
Definitions of humidity - absolute humidity and relative humidity, moisture content and regain. Hygroscopic nature of fibres - regain curves. Measurement of regain and determination of correct invoice mass in fibres. Hysteresis in moisture absorption. Equilibrium absorption of moisture by fibres. Effect of fibre structure - hydrophilic groups and non-crystalline regions on moisture absorption. Effect of ambient conditions - relative humidity and temperature on regain of fibres. Heats of sorption -differential and integral - relation with fibre structure and regain, measurement of heat of wetting. Conditioning of fibres - mechanism of conditioning, factors influencing rate of conditioning, effect of conditioning on fibre properties. Swelling of fibres - axial swelling, transverse swelling, area swelling and volume swelling.
UNIT III MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF FIBRES 12
Tensile testing of fibres - cotton, viscose, acetate, modal, lyocel, polyester, polyamide, polyacrylonitrile, jute and flax fibres Definitions of terms - load, elongation, breaking strength, breaking extension, tensile stress, tensile strain, mass specific stress, yield point, initial modulus, work of rupture and work factor. Stress-strain curves for various textile fibres and their significance. Influence of fibre structure, humidity and temperature on stress-strain characteristics of fibres. Methods of tensile testing - constant rate of loading and constant rate of extension, differences between the two methods of test. Elastic properties -elasticity, elastic recovery and its relation to stress and strain, typical values of elastic recovery and work recovery for various textile fibres. Mechanical conditioning of fibres - advantages. Time effects - stress relaxation and creep phenomena. Dynamic tensile testing of fibres. Torsional rigidity - its relation to other fibre properties, measurement techniques. Flexural rigidity - its relation to other fibre properties, measurement techniques.
UNIT IV OPTICAL AND FRICTIONAL PROPERTIES 12
Refractive index of fibres - definition, factors influencing and measurement. Birefringence -measurement techniques, effect of factors like fibre orientation, density and regain. Optical orientation factor, its relation with refractive index and birefringence. Reflection of light - specular and diffused reflection, lustre, lustre index, factors influencing lustre. Absorption of light - dichroism, dichroic ratio. Introduction to fibre friction. Theories of friction - Amonton's law, Bowden's adhesion shearing mechanism, Lincoln's law. Measurement of friction - friction between single fibres, friction between fibre assemblies. Factors influencing fibre friction. Role of friction in fibre processing. Friction in wool - directional frictional effect, felting.
UNIT V ELECTRICAL AND THERMAL PROPERTIES 12
Definition of electrical resistance, electrical resistance of fibres, measurement of resistance in fibres, factors influencing electrical resistance. Dielectric properties, factors influencing dielectricity. Static electricity - generation of static charge and measurement, problems encountered during processing, elimination techniques. Thermal properties - specific heat, thermal conductivity, thermal expansion and contraction, structural changes in fibres on heating, thermal transitions - glass transition and melting, heat setting. Flammability characteristics of fibres.
L: 60 Total: 60
TEXT BOOKS
1. Morton W.E and Hearle, J.W.S., "Physical Properties of Textile Fibres", The Textile Institute, Manchester, U.K., 1993.
2. Meredith. R and Hearle, J.W.S., "Physical Methods of Investigation of Textiles", Wiley Publication, New York, 1989.
REFERENCES
1. Gupta V.B. Textile Fibres: Developments and Innovations. Vol. 2, Progress in Textiles: Science &
Technology. Edited by V.K. Kothari, IAFL Publications, 2000.
2. Meredith R., "Mechanical Properties of Textile Fibres", North Holland, Amsterdam 1986.
3. Murthy, H.V. S., Introduction to Textile Fibres, The Textile Association, India, 1987.
4. Mishra, S.P., Fibre Science & Technology, New Age International Publishers, 2000.
PREPARATORY PROCESS OF WEAVING OPERATIONS
LT P
4 0 0
UNIT I BASICS OF WINDING 12
Classification of winders - Characteristics of parallel winding cross winding and precision winding. Types and working principles of yarn clearers, knotters and splicers - Classification of yarn faults -Types of tensioners, guides- cop unwinding characteristics - stop motions - cone defects, causes and rectification.
UNIT II WINDING 12
Features of automatic cheese and cone winders - winding of synthetic yarns, blended yarns and sewing threads - package quality for dyeing - productivity calculations of winding machine. Types and working principle of pirn winding machines - bunching, stop motions - features of automatic pirn winding machine - production and efficiency calculation - process control in pirn winding - pirn defects -causes and remedies.
UNIT III WARPING 12
Beam warping machines - types - creels - stop motion - brakes - length measuring motion - features of modern warping machines - sectional warping machine - creel - lease reed-stop motion - end breaks in warping - quality control - beam defects - causes - remedies.
UNIT IV SIZING 12
Types and selection of ingredients for sizing. Size preparation and storage equipments - sizing machines - multi-cylinder & hot air - marking and measuring motion - control systems in sizing machines -mechanism of cylinder drying, beam pressing devices - mechanical, pneumatic, hydraulic.
UNIT V DEVELOPMENTS IN SIZING & DRAWING-IN 12
Single end sizing machines -sizing of blended & filament yarns - process control in sizing - sizing faults - causes & remedies - modern development in sizing, Efficiency and production calculations. Need for drawing-in operation, working principles of manual, semiautomatic and automatic drawing in machines - knotting, pinning machines.
L: 60 Total: 60
TEXT BOOKS
1. Ajgaonkar D.B., Talukdar M.K. and Wedekar, Sizing: Material Methods and Machineries, Mahajan Publications Ahmedabad, 1999.
2. Lord P.R. and Mohammed M.H., Weaving - Conversion of Yarn to Fabric, Merrow Publication,
1992.
REFERENCES
1. Modi J.R.D., Sizing Ingredient, Mahajan Publications, Ahmedabad
2. Booth J.E., Textile Mathematics, Vol. II & III, Textile Institute, Manchester, U.K., 1975.
3. Ormerod A., Modern Preparation and Weaving, Merrow Publication Co. U.K. 1988.
4. Sengupta E., Yarn Preparation, Vol. I & II, Popular Prakasam, Bombay, 1970.
5. Talukdar M.K., "An Introduction to Winding and Warping" Testing Trade Press, Mumbai.
PROCESS AND QUALITY CONTROL IN SPINNING
LT P
4 0 0
UNIT I PROCESS CONTROL CONCEPT AND STATISTICAL APPLICATION 12
Scope of process control in spinning - Identification of process variables and product characteristics to control process in the blow room, card, draw frame, comber, speed frame and yarn spinning - Concepts of developing norms and standards for spinning process. Application of statistical techniques in process and quality control.
UNIT II CONTROL OF RAW MATERIAL QUALITY 12
Quality control of mixing quality through fibre quality characteristics - Concept of fibre quality index and its application - Prediction of spinnability and yarn quality - Blending irregularity. Causes of nep generation -.nep removal in carding and combing machines. Online monitoring and control of neps on modern cards.
UNIT III CONTROL OF YARN REALIZATION AND WASTE 12
Estimation of yarn realisation - Determination of trash content and cleaning efficiency in blow room and carding - Determination of comber noil and combing efficiency - Control of waste in blowroom, carding and comber - Control of hard waste.
UNIT IV YARN QUALITY CONTROL 12
Assessment of within and between bobbin count variations, Assessment and control of count variations in preparatory machines and ringframe -Assessment of yarn unevenness and imperfections - causes for unevenness and imperfections - unevenness caused by random fibre arrangement - Drafting waves -Periodic variation. Yarn faults - classification - assessment of faults - causes and methods to reduce faults. Causes for variability in strength, elongation and hairiness and measures for their control.
UNIT V PRODUCTION CONTROL 12
Factors affecting the productivity in ring spinning. Productivity indices. Methods for maximizing production in spinning machinery - New concepts. Effect of Machinery maintenance and Humidity on production. Causes for end breaks in spinning, Measures to control end breaks, Snap study.
L: 60 Total: 60
TEXT BOOKS
1. Garde. A. R. & Subramaniam T. A., Process Control in Spinning, ATIRA, Ahmedabad 1989.
2. Ratnam T.V. & Chellamani. K. P., Quality Control in Spinning, SITRA Coimbatore 1999.
REFERENCES
1. Chattopadhyay R., "Advances in Technology of Yarn Production", NCUTE Publication, New Delhi,
2002.
2. Van der Sluiji M and Hunter L., "Neps in Cotton Lint", Textile Progress, The Textile Institute,
Manchester, U.K., 1999.
3. Klein W., "Man-made Fibre and their Processing", The Textile Institute, Manchester, U.K. 1994.
4. Slater K., "Yarn Evenness", Textile Progress, The Textile Institute, Manchester, U.K., 1986
PREPARATORY PROCESS OF CHEMICAL PROCESSING LABORATORY
LT P
0 0 3
1. Desizing of cotton fabrics
2. Scouring of cotton
3. Scouring of wool
4. Cotton bleaching with bleaching powder
5. Cotton bleaching with hydrogen peroxide
6. Wool bleaching with hydrogen peroxide
7. Cotton mercerization
8. Degumming of silk
9. Identification of class of dyes
10. Wash fastness properties of dyed/ printed samples
Total: 45
PROCESS AND QUALITY CONTROL IN SPINNING LABORATORY
LT P 0 0 3
1. Studies on determination of cylinder load and transfer efficiency in carding
2. Studies on influence of process variables on ring-spun yarn quality
3. Studies on productivity improvement in ring spinning
4. Studies on influence of process variables on rotor-spun yarn quality
5. Studies on productivity improvement in rotor spinning
6. Studies on influence of process variables on siro-spun and siro-fil yarns
7. Studies on production of melange yarns
8. Studies of production of core-spun yarns
9. Studies on influence of process important variables on air-jet-spun yarn quality
10. Studies on influence of important process variables on friction-spun yarn quality
Total: 45
COMMUNICATION AND SOFT SKILLS LABORATORY
LT P 0 0 3
(Common to All Branches of III Year B.E./ B.Tech students of Anna University Tiruchirappalli and affiliated colleges)
The aim of the course is two-fold: to enable the students to develop communication skills in the language laboratory and to arrange discussions for developing soft skills in the lab and/or the classroom. Each lab session shall last for three periods.
List of activities that are to be carried out: 15 sessions x 3 periods = 45
Lab session # 1: Listening and speaking practice exercises with communicative functions. Learning material: the ACD of Spoken English: A Foundation Course for Speakers of Indian Languages (Orient Longman, 2008)
Lab session # 2: Practice with more advanced communicative functions. Learning material: the ACD of Spoken English: A Foundation Course for Speakers of Indian Languages (Orient Longman, 2008)
Lab session # 3: Pronunciation exercises with Oxford Advanced Learners' Dictionary of Current English or any other standard Dictionary
Lab session # 4: Making an oral presentation in English. Learning Material: Professional Presentations VCD (Cambridge University Press)
Lab session # 5: Listening to telephone conversations in English and completing the tasks. Learning material: Essential Telephoning in English ACD (Cambridge University Press)
Lab session # 6: Giving an exposure to and practice with model group discussion and interviews. Learning material: How to Prepare for Group Discussion and Interview Audio Cassette (McGraw-Hill)
Lab session # 7: Giving insights into the format and the task types in the IELTS (International English Language Testing System). Learning Material: Objective IELTS, Intermediate Level (CUP)
Lab session # 8: Understanding the format and the task types in the TOEFL (Test of English as a Foreign Language). Learning Material: Understanding the TOEFL (Educational Testing Services, Princeton)
Lab session # 9: Administering the BEC (Business English Certificate) Diagnostic Test. Learning Material: BEC Practice Materials (British Council, Chennai)
Lab session # 10: Completing the steps involved in Career, Life Planning and Change Management. Learning Material: Developing Soft Skills (Pearson Education)
Lab session # 11: Setting goals and objectives exercises. Learning Material: Developing Soft Skills (Pearson Education)
Lab session # 12: Prioritizing and time planning exercises. Learning Material: Managing Time Multimedia Program CD
Lab session # 13: Taking a Personality Typing/ Psychometric Test Learning Material: 200 Psychometric Test prepared by the CUIC, Anna University Chennai
Lab session # 14: Critical and creative thinking exercises.
Lab session # 15: Improving body language and cross-cultural communication with pictures. Learning material: Body Language (S. Chand and Co.) For a detailed plan, refer to the topics given below;
UNIT I LISTENING AND SPEAKING PRACTICE IN COMMUNICATIVE FUNCTIONS
Introductions and meetings - Talking about studies and/ or job - Expressing likes and dislikes -Describing daily routines and current activities - Talking about past states and events - Talking about future plans and intentions - Expressing preferences - Giving reasons - Expressing opinions, agreement and disagreement - Seeking and giving advice - Making suggestions
UNIT II SPEAKING APPLICATIONS
Making an oral presentation - Preparing the presentation - Performing the presentation - Beginning -Language - Visual aids and body language - Voice - Ending - Questions - Telephone conversations -Group Discussion and Interview
UNIT III UNDERSTANDING AND PREPARING FOR INTERNATIONAL ENGLISH LANGUAGE EXAMINATIONS
Graded Examinations in Spoken English (GESE) - Spoken English for Work (SEW) - International English Language Testing System (IELTS) - Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL) -Business English Certificate (BEC)
UNIT IV SOFT SKILLS (1)
Preparing for and dealing with change - Motivation, goal-setting and self-esteem - Managing time and stress - Career and life planning - Team work - Leadership traits
UNIT V SOFT SKILLS (2)
Multiple Intelligences - Learning Styles and Personality typing - Critical and creative thinking -People, cultures and self - Intercultural Communication
RESOURCES
1. Kamalesh Sadanand and Susheela Punitha, "Spoken English: A Foundation Course" for Speakers of Indian Languages, Part 2 Audio CD, Hyderabad: Orient Longman, 2008
2. Malcome Goodale, "Professional Presentations", (VCD) New Delhi: Cambridge University Press,
2005
3. Barbara Garside and Tony Garside, Essential Telephoning in English (Audio CD), Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002
4. Hari Mohan Prasad and Rajnish Mohan, How to Prepare for Group Discussion and Interview (Audio Cassette) Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing
5. Graded Examinations in Spoken English and Spoken English for Work downloadable materials from Trinity College, London
6. International English Language Testing System Practice Tests, CUP
7. Business English Certificate Materials, Cambridge University Press
8. Personality Development (CD-ROM), Times Multimedia, Mumbai
9. Interactive Multimedia Programs on Managing Time and Stress
10. Robert M. Sherfield and et al "Developing Soft Skills" 4th edition, New Delhi: Pearson Education,
2009.
Total:45